Who defines the terms of provenance research?

Senegalese researcher Alioune Samb writes: Povenance research can document injustice. But documentation alone does not redistribute authority.

Too often, provenance research still begins in European archives and ends with African objects.

The method reconstructs trajectories, yet the structure of interpretation often remains unchanged.

From where I work in African museum contexts, this tension is visible every day.ย Archives tell one story.ย Oral histories tell another.ย And community knowledge often reveals how objects actually lived within the societies that produced them.

Sometimes the most important information appears precisely in what the archive does not record. Provenance research must also transform who holds authority over knowledge.

In practical terms, this means shifting the research itself

At that point, provenance research stops being only a technical process.
It becomes a question of governance.

๐‘Šโ„Ž๐‘œ ๐‘‘๐‘’๐‘“๐‘–๐‘›๐‘’๐‘  ๐‘กโ„Ž๐‘’ ๐‘Ÿ๐‘’๐‘ ๐‘’๐‘Ž๐‘Ÿ๐‘โ„Ž ๐‘ž๐‘ข๐‘’๐‘ ๐‘ก๐‘–๐‘œ๐‘›๐‘ .
๐‘Šโ„Ž๐‘œ ๐‘–๐‘›๐‘ก๐‘’๐‘Ÿ๐‘๐‘Ÿ๐‘’๐‘ก๐‘  ๐‘กโ„Ž๐‘’ ๐‘’๐‘ฃ๐‘–๐‘‘๐‘’๐‘›๐‘๐‘’.
๐‘Šโ„Ž๐‘œ ๐‘‘๐‘’๐‘๐‘–๐‘‘๐‘’๐‘  ๐‘คโ„Ž๐‘Ž๐‘ก ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ข๐‘›๐‘ก๐‘  ๐‘Ž๐‘  ๐‘˜๐‘›๐‘œ๐‘ค๐‘™๐‘’๐‘‘๐‘”๐‘’.

It leaves us with a question museums can no longer avoid: If research does not change who holds authority, what exactly is it repairing?ย