Gloria Bell: Eternal Sovereigns Indigenous Artists, Activists, and Travelers Reframing Rome

In 1925, Pius XI staged the Vatican Missionary Exposition in Rome’s Vatican City. Gloria Bell explores the relationship between Indigenous cultures around the world and the Vatican, which holds thousands of works by Indigenous scholars and refuses to return them.

Offering a narrative of the Catholic Church’s beneficence to a global congregation, the exposition displayed thousands of cultural belongings stolen from Indigenous communities, which were seen by one million pilgrims.

In Eternal Sovereigns, Bell reveals the tenacity, mobility, and reception of First Nations artists, travellers, and activists in 1920s Rome. Animating these conjunctures, the book foregrounds competing claims to sovereignty from Indigenous and papal perspectives.

Drawing on years of archival research and field interviews, Bell provides insight into the Catholic Church’s colonial collecting and its ongoing ethnological display practices.

Written in a voice that questions the academy’s staid conventions, the book reclaims Indigenous belongings and other stolen treasures that remain imprisoned in the stronghold of the Vatican Museums.