In January 2021, the Dutch government became the first in Europe to approve a central mechanism for repatriating colonial loot. One aspect of the new policy raises concerns given that artefacts that were looted from non-Dutch colonies will not automatically be repatriated.
In 2021, the Belgian federal state declared that Belgium, with a deep history immersed in colonialism, would return looted artefacts to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, by way of transfer of legal ownership of the antiquities to the Congolese state.